Assessment Of Housing And Health Inequalities Sociology Essay

Appraisal Of Housing And Health Inequalities Sociology Essay Presentation There is a long history of investigation into the impact of financial variables and hardship on wellbeing. The spatial measurement where individuals live is a significant determinant of wellbeing disparities, for instance as far as stamped varieties in future ( Mitchell et al 2005). One financial variable, the kind of lodging that individuals can bear to live in, is clearly identified with pay. Henceforth lodging is believed to be one of the determinants of a people in general wellbeing and prosperity as far as both physical and mental. Fuel destitution can be characterized as an individual being not equipped for bearing those assets to keep them in warm condition. Boardman (1991) characterized fuel neediness as the failure of a family to procure vitality sources, for example, warming by utilizing 1o percent of their family unit salary. While the branch of vitality and environmental change approach a similar depiction of fuel neediness as a family unit to be in fuel destitution in the event that it needs to spend in excess of 10 percent of its pay on fuel or on warming for adequate warm ( 21 degrees for the principle living territory, and 18 degrees for other being used rooms). The expectation for everyday comforts and people groups wellbeing can be harm while living in cold and soggy houses. There is the likelihood that older, kids and individuals with a drawn out disease and handicap are progressively vulnerable to fuel destitution. The branch of vitality and environmental change characterizes fuel destitution int o three principle classifications. (Branch of vitality and environmental change, Addressing Fuel Poverty). Poor state of the vitality productivity in home High vitality costs and its moderateness. Low pay status of the individuals Dr. Noel DL Olsen (2001) depicted that couple of individuals decide to live in chilly clammy homes that they can't bear to warm all around ok to secure their wellbeing. However for many British families this is the truth of low quality lodging, wasteful warming frameworks and lacking structure measures extending back over ages. Points: The point of the examination is to comprehend and mapping of lodging and heath determinants and their relationship in powering neediness in Salford zone of Greater Manchester. Destinations: To comprehend fundamental components of lodging and wellbeing disparities To see how different lodging and wellbeing disparities filling destitution To comprehend the relationship of different variables utilizing factual examination Writing Review The writing audit will depicted the fundamental portrayal of wellbeing and lodging disparities. The state of lodging incorporates an assortment of characters that are necessary to the status and prosperity of a family. Lodging then again should be in a condition of sheltered and polite conditions to speak to a family life. One of the most renowned and persuasive sources here is John Snows investigation of bunches of cholera which were seen as brought about by sullied open water offices in London (Hempel, 2007). This examination will be significant both regarding its part in the then rising field of general wellbeing, yet in addition all the more as of late as an outline of the potential for GIS and spatial investigation strategies in that field. Other early chips away at the condition of the developing control of general wellbeing concentrated on the recently industrializing ghetto networks of nineteenth century England. Manchester, the primary modern city, was a genuine case of this and records of the conditions there around then have procured totemic status. For instance, Engels Conditions of the common laborers in England, (1987, initially distributed in 1844) shaped piece of the essential examination which he and his partner Marx utilized in their all inclusive powerful monetary and political inves tigations. One hundred and after thirty years, Roberts Classic ghetto (1971) gave a direct record of somebody experiencing childhood in Salford, the denied zone promptly toward the North West of downtown Manchester, especially the social and related medical issues of its lodging stock. In any case, in spite of the fact that the connection between unexpected frailty and poor lodging appears glaringly evident on account of the essential human requirement for cover, Thomson et al (2001) remark in a deliberate audit of distributed writing of notwithstanding, or maybe due to this instinctive connection, great examination proof is missing on the wellbeing picks up that outcome from interest in lodging. Moreover, Thomson et al (2001) depicted that there is additionally an absence of near data on the expenses and impacts of explicit lodging enhancements, for example, focal warming or significant repair. It is this sort of proof that is probably going to be generally important to strategy cr eators and lodging suppliers. Huge scope contemplates that research the more extensive social setting of lodging upgrades and their near viability and cost adequacy are presently required. Fuel Poverty Palmer et al. (2008) clarified that solitary individual family units in England are considerably more prone to be in fuel neediness than couples or bigger families, their hazard being twice as high as the following most noteworthy family unit type, solitary guardians (in 2005, 15% contrasted and 7%). This applies to working-age singles too retired person singles. In light of their moderately high hazard, 66% of the family units in fuel destitution in 2005 in England were single-individual families despite the fact that solitary a fourth of all families were single-individual family units. Lodging, Health and Adequate warming Boardman (1991) first depicted that fuel destitution are because of the reasons for powerlessness of satisfactory vitality utilization for sufficient warming however on a similar time Shortt and Rugkasa (2005) in their examination clarified that there is the mind boggling connection between different variables related with the family unit, for example, salary, sufficient warming and how to utilize effective utilization of the vitality, in which case the disappointment happen when characterizing the fuel neediness. There has been an impact on individual emotional well-being because of poor and deficient warming framework. Poor lodging and lacking warming framework lead to soggy which causes a large portion of the basic medical problems. The individual prosperity, emotional well-being and physical wellbeing has been influenced by clammy states of a spot. Such sort of emotional wellness impact on an individual life has been proposed by Lowry (1991) depicting that the mental outcomes of having scratch form off your dividers ordinary are self-evident. A connection between sick wellbeing and poor lodging It has been portrayed by (Byrne et al., 1986) that amazing advancements in lodging division were joined by the improvements in wellbeing, for example, at more youthful age estimated of the mortality or kids development and improvement and furthermore by the declination in the event of infections related with stuffed houses and insanitary conditions. While Burridge and Ormandy (1993) depicted that there has been the correction of such relationship with lately. There is the statement that because of the development of as explicit kind of lodging settlement particularly flatted, with no thought to wellbeing standards, without the necessities of the imminent occupants has had impacts on wellbeing. Alongside this evil wellbeing has been portrayed as a physical proclamation which incorporates social and mental impacts. One of the neighborhood lodging authority inspirations and a yearning for the improvement of common laborers wellbeing with the assistance of furnishing them with better lod ging, has brought about late decades new ghettos and wellbeing dangers related with it. Boardman (1991) said that individuals offer need to satisfactory warming, in the event that they have adequate salary and along these lines fuel neediness is an away from of destitution. While the worry isn't really evident, it is sensible to accept that a large portion of those in neediness are confined to the measure of fuel that they can buy and in this way are experiencing fuel destitution. Wellbeing and prosperity of more seasoned individuals is essential as far as satisfactory warmth in their homes, for the most part to evade winter passings among them (Wilkinson, et al, 2001). Where as Bates et al, (2001) represented that for lacking warming the focal warming isn't just the simply the recommendation yet it is in relationship with the hardship. From the above reports there is the sign that there is a noteworthy connection between unexpected weakness and other poor lodging components, for example, clamminess, molds and poor warming or no warming arrangements. Exploration Methodology: There are many exploration techniques from which to decide for a run of the mill research philosophy. In the exploration technique there is the accompanying general conversation on the leading of the examination and some comprehension of type fundamental idea of the subjective and quantitative strategies. There are many examination techniques from which to look over. Examination strategies are the strategy of examination used to direct an investigation. They incorporate the utilization of polls, interviews, member perception or field work with the network being concentrated along with the understanding of authentic insights and recorded reports and different strategies not all that generally utilized. By and large there are three primary approachs. Subjective strategies Van Maanen (1983) characterizes subjective strategies as a variety of interpretative procedure which look to depict, unravel, and decipher and other insightful come to term with the significance, not the recurrence, of certain pretty much normally happening marvels in the characteristic world. Quantitative Methods Easterby-smith et al (1995) portrayed four fundamental methods of social affair of quantitative information: Meetings Surveys Tests/Measure Perception While they stress that the contrasts among quantitative and subjective strategies isn't in every case clear. Quantitative approachs have an accentuation on the significance of putting together examination with respect to convention and method. In this bit of examination the creator will depend on quantitative approach as optional information through different wellsprings of database. These databases will incorporate evaluation information to perfo

Finagle A Bagels’ upside-down organization chart Essay

1.What does Finagle A Bagel’s topsy turvy association outline recommend about the appointment of power and coordination methods inside the organization? Finagle A Bagels’ topsy turvy association outline recommends that the individuals who are ordinarily on top, bolster the individuals who are at the base, for example, the head supervisors and laborers. This gives senior supervisors the position to take the necessary steps to reduce issues in their stores or increment deals. 2.Is Finagle A Bagel a tall or level association? How would you know? Finagle A Bagel is a Flat Organization. Level associations for the most part are progressively receptive to client requests since dynamic force might be given to bring down level representatives which is the thing that Finagle a bagel does. Though tall associations have numerous layers of the executives which can make correspondence be contorted as though spills out of one supervisor to next before arriving at the worker managing the client. 3.What qualities appear to immerse Finagle A Bagel’s corporate culture? The qualities that appear to pervade Finagles A Bagels’ corporate culture is collaboration, positive hard working attitude and solid an emotionally supportive network. 4.Why would Finagle A Bagel manufacture a batter processing plant that has more limit than the organization needs to flexibly its stores and its discount clients? A motivation behind why Finagle A bagel would manufacture a mixture production line that has more limit than the organization needs is represent future business development. By buying an industrial facility that can create all the more then what they presently need, they are leaving open the alternative of development without spending more income on another processing plant to make up for development.

Human Rights and Development Essay Example for Free

Human Rights and Development Essay Presentation The unlimited endeavors by people in figuring recognition to regard human nobility came about the human rights talk as was instance of improvement. The natural power of looking ‘better’ for person to regard the human respect makes ready for new improvement idea by coordinating human rights standards into advancement, and accordingly making a change in perspective from other advancement models. The progress from concentrating on material to concentrating on human being developed mirrors the extending of individuals understanding about the relations between human rights and advancement. Nonetheless, equipped clashes inside and past the national limits have been truly abusing human rights and hampering improvement process. War the world over had and still has a similar outcome. Individuals around the world are reshuffling their deduction on advancement models to guarantee human rights accordingly getting a tranquil situation liberated from war and clashes. The point of this paper is to investigate the negative connection, assuming any, between outfitted clashes, war and human rights and advancement expecting as an improvement model. Connecting human rights with improvement as an advancement model Human rights are those rights without which a person can't live as individual. These rights are vital and sacred, nobody should remove these rights from any individual or gatherings. These rights are so essential and basic that any man or lady gets that from their introduction to the world and which are established on human pride. Then again, Development has now become a between disciplinary subject or it very well may be ascribed to various political or ideological perspectives. Advancement is as much a right of countries as of people inside countries. Advancement as exhaustively would be meant†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"is a far reaching monetary, social, social and political procedure, which focuses on the consistent improvement of the prosperity of the whole populace and of all people based on their dynamic, free, and important cooperation being developed and in reasonable appropriation of advantages coming about therefrom.† Human rights and improvement a coordinated methodology of advancement as relatively another improvement model commonly known as ‘Rights based approach’. â€Å"A rights-based methodology is a calculated structure for the procedure of human improvement that is normatively founded on global human rights principles and operationally coordinated to advancing and securing human rights. The right-based methodology incorporates the standards, guidelines and standards of worldwide human rights framework into the plans, strategies and procedures of development.† Linking human rights with harmony as direct opposite of contentions and war Journey towards securing privileges of the individuals and guaranteeing harmony in this globe had a prehistoric history. It was so unequivocally saw and upheld from the World War I and during and after World War II, which came about the idea of human rights as it saw today. Maybe, it was President Wilson of U.S.A. who supported for privileges of the minority as worldwide security at Peace Conference in Versailles (1919). During World War II world had seen the monstrous infringement of human rights and disavowal of harmony. Thus, worldwide lawful and political pioneers resolved to show regard human rights and to stop wars and clashes which made ready for setting up UN as worldwide association. â€Å"We the people groups of the United Nations determined†¦to spare succeeding ages from the scourge of war, which twice in our life time has carried untold distress to mankind.† Human creatures are in position from where they need to regard the nobility and to evade the boorish demonstrations of contentions and wars by legitimate comprehension and understanding these rights. â€Å"whereas negligence and scorn for human rights have brought about primitive acts which have shocked the heart of mankind.† In any case, in the wake of recognizing the human rights and making responsibilities through UN, does the world maintain a strategic distance from clashes and war that disregard human rights. The appropriate response would absolutely be negative however there was no world war since 1946 to onwards. Be that as it may, the world is seen of enormous human rights infringement in Sudan, Congo, Ruanda, Iraq, Afghanistan and various pieces of the world. These over the long haul abuse the human rights. War, clashes outside or interior and turmoil are danger to harmony and security wherever which are the conditions point of reference for acknowledging human rights. Along these lines, war is the direct opposite of human rights and the other way around. â€Å"It is generally accepted that the forswearing of human rights isn't just an individual and individual disaster as it likewise makes states of social and political turmoil, planting the seeds of viciousness and strife inside and between the social orders and nations.† Thus, there is a nearby connection in recognition of human rights and support of harmony or the other way around. The Declaration of Principle of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-activity among the states as per the Charter of the United Nations, which was received by the UNGA in goals 2625(XXV) of 24 October 1970, that hypothesizes â€Å"maintaining and fortifying universal harmony established upon opportunity, equity and regard for human rights.† Regard, advancement and security of human rights assists with diminishing the contentions, inside or outside and along these lines maintaining a strategic distance from the war, on the grounds that by regarding basic human rights no humanized countries can bolster and go for war. Connecting advancement with harmony as direct opposite of contentions and war with regards to 21st century, the idea of improvement has been radically changed. Presently improvement is seen in a lot more extensive sense than that of past. Idea of improvement likening with product or financial development has been changed and now advancement is seen as human turn of events, which means â€Å"the procedure of broadening people’s choices.† In this way, there is a nearby connection among advancement and harmony. An immature domain isn't commonly acknowledged that harmony will be winning. For this, to build up such condition, responsibilities are reflected in UN contract setting up conditions under which equity, regard to global law, to advance social advancement and better norms of life in bigger opportunity, guaranteeing financial and social improvement for all would be won. Quiet condition is a lot of helpful for advancement and the other way around, Almost 20 years after the virus war our reality is getting less protected, industrialized nations are confronting human frailty by fear based oppression. Clashes by inward gatherings are likewise obvious in various creating and least creating nations. The world both created and immature is enduring the basic issue of frailty which uncovered by among the reasons †¦deprivation, infringement of human rights and less advancement approach by the rulers. Weakness connected to equipped clash stays perhaps the best impediment to acknowledge human rights and advancement. â€Å"Every non military personnel passing connected to struggle is an infringement of human rights.† The human security which is the pith of human rights and improvement has bigger consideration over the globe in this time of globalization. The state driven security currently transforms into the human driven security. Advancement of security assists with guaranteeing the improvement just as human rights, and uncertainty open to distress and being worked on and huge infringement of human rights. â€Å"Humanity can't appreciate security without improvement or advancement without security, and neither without regard for human rights.† Human being can accomplish total satisfaction of its desires just inside the simply social request. For the steady, serene, peaceful condition are preconditions which are all the more frequently upset by the war and clashes. â€Å"†¦international harmony and security from one perspective, and social advancement and financial improvement on the other, are intently reliant and impact each other.† Furthermore, there is cozy connection between demilitarization which uncovered harmony just as advancement and furthermore forestalls outfitted clashes and war. â€Å"†¦ [T]here is a cozy connection among demilitarization and improvement and that progress in the field of demobilization would significantly advance advancement in the field of development.† The expenses of wars and clashes regularly are not satisfactory to the world network, it just not the damaging human rights immediately but rather making numerous human people incapacitates for the long time which is in opposition to the idea of advancement. â€Å"Violent clashes claims lives through projectiles as well as through the disintegration of human security more broadly.† Furnished clashes and wars everywhere throughout the world dislodged numerous individuals which is eventually an infringement of human rights and furthermore a genuine hindrance of advancement. â€Å"About 25 million individuals are inside uprooted in light of contentions or human rights violations.† However, some created countries go for war for assets at the end of the day their improvement doesn’t become as supportable one. Their inside improvement get hindered by drugs, liquor addiction, joblessness, financial agitation along these lines produce precariousness, ongoing USA’s development of ‘we are 99%’ the occupier of world road and UK’s turmoil are glaring instances of non-manageability of their turn of events. End Human rights and improvement share a few shared traits, therefore they have avocation to be applied in down to earth field which can be an even minded approach to take care of issues that we are confronting today. In this manner, in the light of above conversation, it will not be not exactly just to guarantee that, human rights and improvement both are the a

Following WWII Japan again was put into a fundamental Reform and Research Paper

Following WWII Japan again was placed into an essential Reform and Renovation mode - Research Paper Example The new Japanese government would be increasingly like its involving partner. Significant change of land proprietorship was founded. Around 6 million sections of land (practically 40% of Japans arable land) were bought from the proprietors and exchanged at low costs to the ranchers. It disassembled a force structure that proprietors had since quite a while ago overwhelmed. This was one method of for all time changing financial incongruities between classes. Regardless of occasions of mass assault and the re-regulation of the Japanese Geisha framework, ladies delighted in generally expanded social liberties. They earned the option to cast a ballot and participate in jobs that were customarily male commanded. Moreover, preferring Japanese convictions and continuous alteration and disintegration of the Japan-United States Mutual Security Assistance Pact, the Clean Government Party pulled in numerous ladies. During Post-World War II, the victors actualized changes in the Japanese constitution, Japanese land, and Japanese ladies. The occupation and MacArthur Reforms significantly changed open strategy in numerous zones. These progressions focused on the foundations of conventional Japanese force, and Japan had changed at a central

Matisyahu at Columbia COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Matisyahu at Columbia COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Columbia campus is much like New York City there always seems to be more going on than you could possibly take in.   Last week, music combined with a call for social justice as Matisyahu performed in Miller Theater to help promote awareness of the problem of human trafficking.   The picture to left and the following text comes from the Columbia Spectator (full article here). Matisyahuâ€"everyone’s favorite one-named Hasidic reggae starâ€"played a sold-out show at Columbia’s Miller Theater Thursday night. But while many audience members came to see him beat box and sing about Zion, they left with a new commitment to social justice. The evening was centered on the film Call + Response, which features musical performances by Matisyahu and other musicians in addition to interviews with celebrities, journalists, and politicians. Created by musician Justin Dillon, the documentary exposes the horrors of the human trafficking industry worldwide, inter-cutting the disturbing documentary footage with musical performances, music-video style. For information on the movie Call + Response visit this site.

A USMLE and COMLEX Prep Expert Speaks [Podcast Interview]

document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/58291/IV_with_Marcel_Brus_Ramer-1.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | SpotifyThe goal of this podcast is to help you get accepted to your top choice program. If that is medical school, one of your next steps will be preparing for the challenging USMLE or COMLEX exams. Today’s guest, Dr. Marcel Brus-Ramer, is joining us for a discussion about how to prepare for the USMLE. As an undergrad, Dr. Brus-Ramer studied economics at Rutgers. He completed his MD/PhD at Columbia, then did a residency in radiology and biomedical imaging at UCSF, and a fellowship in neuroradiology, also at UCSF. He began tutoring in 2009, and helped launch Elite Medical Prep about a year ago, in August 2015. He’s here to share his advice for success in med school and the Step exams. What were some decision-points in your own career? [2:03] I knew I wanted to go to med school and that I wanted to do a year of research. When I looked into it, I decided to do the MD/PhD. While doing my PhD research after the first two years of medical school, I worked with neurosurgeons, and realized that the lifestyle didn’t fit with my family life and goals. So I decided to pursue radiology: I was attracted to the Sherlock-Holmesian aspect of the diagnostic process. People don’t realize how much treatment you get to do in radiology – you’re not just working in a room by yourself. How did you get involved in tutoring and test prep? [4:20] I finished school a little off-cycle, and I was looking for opportunities. I had a family. And I didn’t want to do more research. I saw a flier for a small test prep company – ultimately, I helped them grow their business, and I started spending a lot of time thinking about medical education. In 2015, Dr. Rubin asked me if I would join his venture – and we launched Elite Medical Prep. What services do you offer for pre-meds? [6:11] We offer some strategy and advising – guidance on course selection, etc. And we do some MCAT prep and science tutoring. We’re both MDs, and we bring that experience. MCAT prep isn’t our main focus at this point, because there’s a relatively greater need for tutoring at the medical level (ie USMLE tutoring) – but some of our clients need MCAT tutoring, and we work with them. All of our tutors are MDs. What services does Elite provide for MDs and DOs? [8:20] Osteopathic schools have a different test (COMLEX). But the USMLE and COMLEX are very similar, and DO students often also take the USMLE. Most of our tutoring is for the USMLE. What does Elite Medical Prep do differently from other services? [10:15] Both Dr. Rubin and I started at Med School Tutors, and have years of tutoring experience. There are couple of fundamental differences. One is that the company is run by (and all the decisions are made by) MDs. Everything is designed from the perspective that we were once medical students. We give our tutors extensive training. They’re excellent to start with (and have records of high achievement), but that’s just the beginning: we really focus on teaching/tutoring skills. We always emphasize hospital terminology. And we recognize that tutoring is a major decision, and an expensive one. Because of that, any unused time is refundable. We stand behind the quality of our product. Your website mentions â€Å"evidence based† tutoring. What does that mean? [14:15] We were really affected by the book Tutoring Revolution. Tutoring is a major part of our modern world. From the book, we distilled 6 important things for our practice:   All our tutors are to be professionally prepared in order to improve student achievement   Tutors use a developmental template to structure their approach   We coach students on how to learn, and promote optimal study habits   We track the session-by-session progress of all students   We operate by continuous feedback: we help students develop a positive self-image as a learner   We formally and informally assess students. Does your medical background play a role? [17:50] The thought process from radiology and neuroradiology helps – seeing a situation and playing out the differential diagnosis. Do you have any prep tips for the USMLE? [18:52] Follow a structural plan – don’t jump around. Pick a resource that focuses your attention. The most important advice is to practice questions and review them. Put yourself in a testing situation and assess appropriately – review practice tests fully. You learn from questions you get wrong. How would you advise a premed student who is confident she’ll get in somewhere, plans to take a gap year, and wants advice on how to ease her way into med school? [21:43] The very first thing that comes to mind is to enjoy your time off! Once you start med school, summer vacations are over, for the rest of your working life. So enjoy it. When school starts, adopt professional habits of studying. If you try to study ahead of time, you’re likely to forget it. But if you’re adamant about reviewing before med school starts, review biochem and anatomy. Don’t use your college texts – get a book at the USMLE prep reference level. Students who’ve struggled with the MCAT are often concerned they’ll struggle with the USMLE. Is there a correlation? [25:05] It’s definitely a valid concern. There’s a strong link between MCAT scores and the USMLE, partly because there’s an overlap between the type of preparation and general testing ability/aptitude. This is one reason why we always ask people about their testing history. These are exams where just working harder doesn’t cut it: you have to work smarter. A lot of physicians consider USMLE Step 1 the hardest exam they’ll ever take in their careers. There’s just so much information. What skills or traits should premeds develop if they want to be great physicians? [29:05] One of the most important things you can do is to develop your writing skills. Modern medicine is about documenting what happened, formulating a plan to respond†¦and doing it all again the next day. One of the most valuable things is a well-written note. Poorly written notes can impact medical care. And read widely. You’ll learn geographical, historical, and zoological information, from a variety of genres. At a relational level – when you make a patient feel comfortable (it can just come from finding common ground), it makes the interaction much more positive. Are you happy with the decision to be a doctor, and would you do it again? [32:00] Yes, but it was not an easy process. I enjoyed the process, not just the result. If you’re only about the title or the paycheck, it might be tough for you. There are a lot of personal sacrifices involved with medical training. But treating patients is really rewarding – it feels really great. And just because you get an MD, you don’t necessarily need to practice medicine. There are other things you can do in the healthcare field. Related Links: †¢ Elite Medical Prep †¢ Next Step Test Prep †¢ Residency Admissions Advice Related Shows: †¢Ã‚  How to Match Successfully as a Couple †¢Ã‚  Learning By Osmosis: Premeds, Med Students Take It All In! †¢Ã‚  How To Upload Medical Terminology To Your Permanent Memory Bank †¢Ã‚  3 Ways Temple Can Help You Become an MD †¢ A Cure for MCAT Anxiety and Lots More MCAT Advice †¢Ã‚  M.D., Mom, Wife, and Juggler Subscribe: hbspt.cta.load(58291, '4463eb19-c5fe-4c96-84cb-974e47a00bb0', {});

A Good Enough Parent With An Inadequate Parent Essay

This essay will compare and contrast a good enough parent with an inadequate parent in terms of their relationship with their child. A good enough parent is a term developed by Psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott. Winnicott (1962) believed that a child’s independence into adulthood is developed by their ability to adapt to the external environment. The child’s internal world must be nurtured, and the child’s external world must be supportive and loving. Just as an infant requires a good enough parent, the infant also requires a ‘good-enough’ environment (Derobertis, 2010). According to Winnicott, key aspects of a good enough environment are holding, handling, and object-presenting. These aspects allows the infant to develop a True Self. If these key aspects are not provided, a False Self will develop instead. The False Self arises from a ‘not good enough’ environment, or inadequate parenting. Inadequate parenting can be a result of famil y projection process, delegation, or trauma. These terms will be explained later. Unfortunately, inadequate parenting can lead to insecure parent-infant attachments. John Bowlby’s (1969) attachment theory explains how the intergenerational transmission of relationship patterns across generations impacts a child’s ability to develop into a healthy adult. Bowlby believed that the parent’s mental representation of attachment influences the outcome of the infant-parent relationship. (Fonagy, Steele Steele, 1991). Bowlby believed infantsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Parents Roles in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1335 Words   |  6 PagesParents Roles in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet were set in Verona, where two families are enemies; they are enemies due to an ‘ancient grudge’ which has been powerful enough to keep the two lovers apart. The Montague’s’ son Romeo falls in love with the Capulet’s daughter Juliet. Both Romeo and Juliet come from a society filled with hatred and fighting. 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The other family members, in their efforts to help, often get pulled down into the bog too. The first step in putting things right is when the others start to get their own feet on solid ground. Only after they have done this will they

Argumentative Essay About Abortion - 1330 Words

Abortion is one of the most debatable and controversial issues that exist today in our society. Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. Over 205 million women get pregnant per year worldwide, over a third of those pregnancies are unintended and a fifth end in abortion. Women should be able to get abortions because the procedures are legal; also there are minimal physical side effects, and on the other side of the argument people mainly disagree with abortion because of religious reasons. In 1973, the supreme court case Roe versus Wade opened up a doorway for abortion to become legal. It wasnt just to protect the safety of the womens life. There are multiple reasons†¦show more content†¦In certain states, women are required to have counseling that talks about the link between breast cancer and abortion, a fetus being able to feel pain, and long-term mental effects of the procedure. For minors, 37 states require some type of parental involvement. Just in North Carolina, alone women are required to get counseling and then have a 72 hour waiting period and the parent of a minor must consent before an abortion is provided. There are so many different types of abortions but the two most common types are called in-clinic abortions and the abortion pill (â€Å"Abortion information†). An in-clinic abortion is also called surgical abortions. In-clinic abortions work by using suction to clean out the uterus and end the pregnancy (â€Å"Abortion information†). There are different types of surgical abortions but it just depends on how far along a woman is. The abortion pill is a little bit different but its a safe and effective way to end an early pregnancy (â€Å"Abortion information†). The pill is used by using two different medicines called mifepristone and misoprostol (â€Å"Abortion information†). During pregnancy, the womans body needs a hormone called progesterone. The Mifepristone blocks the body’s owns progesterone. The doctor or nurse will give the female the first pill in-clinic and the second one isShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay About Abortion764 Words   |à ‚  4 Pagestheir opinion on if abortion is wrong is based off the opinion of when a person feels that life has begun. Many women who discover that they will be having a baby soon become really happy about the idea. Also, some who get abortions feel that pregnancy is nothing more than an inconvenience. Sometimes this inconvenience is sought to be an issue that can easily be resolved such as adoption or abortion methods. There are also times where conflicting issues create consideration about if the baby shouldRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Career Life Consuming And Stressful Classes I Have Ever Taken1521 Words   |  7 Pagestough time making my sentences flow together easily, my essays sounded choppy. Also, it was obvious when I was stretching my sentences to make an essay the required length; I no longer need to do that, now I must work on shortening my essays. This portfolio contains assignments completed in this composition class. These will all show evidence of improved writing from this first draft to the final copy. Throughout the portfolio, four essays and three inferior writing assignments will be found. EachRead MoreThe Consequences Of The Abortion Pill1160 Words   |  5 Pageskinds of abortions. One is an actual in-clinic abortion where the doctors will physically remove the fetus themselves and the other is an abortion pill. The abortion pill produces two different kinds of medication called mifepristone and misoprostol. These medications stop the flow of progesterone, a hormone a fetus needs to grow. New science studies found out that babies can actually feel the pain of being aborted. I believe the more humane way to do it, if this is true, is to take the abortion pillRead MoreWhat Makes A Successful Argument?927 Words   |  4 Pagesargument? An argumentative essay is similar to any other essay. The writing process may vary, but only slightly to meet the demands of an argument. When writing a convincing argumentative essay, one must first choose a topic and then think about that chosen topic, draft a thesis statement, understand the intended audience, gather evidence, refute opposing arguments, revise the thesis statement, establish credibility, draft the essay, revise the essay, and finally polish the essay. By implementingRead MoreParents Responsibility1022 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction This WebQuest is a follow-up lesson to consolidate what you have learnt about writing an argumentative essay. There are 2 components to this assignment: the Essay component and the Reflection component. Essay Component First, you are to research online on what an argumentative essay is all about, the grammatical features of an argumentative essay and how you should structure your argumentative essays. Secondly, you are to read the articles provided in this WebQuest and you are toRead MoreTheories And Arguments : Inherit The Wind By Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesDESIRED RESULTS Unit Title: Theories Arguments – â€Å"Inherit the Wind† by Jerome Lawrence Robert E. Lee Established Goals: Students compose thoughtful, analytical arguments rooted in their own ideologies about religion, science, and the world today. Students develop arguments (not opinions!) about aforementioned themes (i.e. religion, science, power, traditions, professionalism, separation of beliefs and state, etc.). They utilize discussions, debates, current events, and our readings of the playRead MoreEntering The Class, English Comp914 Words   |  4 Pageslearned in the past about writing. In August, our first day in the college class, Mrs. Garth talked with the class about what this semester was going to be like. She spoke to us as college students and not little children. She told us that Comp. was all about writing. As a class, we knew there would be more writing than we were use to, but the very first paper that Mrs. Garth told us to write was unlike any other paper I had ever wrote on my own. We were told to write about our favorite foods,Read MoreAbortion676 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive/Argumentative Essay Name: Jade T. Samillano Section: U Date: March 20, 2011 â€Å"WHY WOMEN SHOULD NOT HAVE AN ABORTION† What it would be like to die so young and fragile? What it would be like to kill someone so young and fragile? Abortion to my definition is the taking of life. Nowadays more and more teens are getting pregnant and having abortions secretly and easily. Even their parents have no idea about this. AndRead MoreEnglish 111 Evaluation Essay623 Words   |  3 Pagesof writing. This essay will evaluate the English 111 textbooks, essays, self-reflections, the instructor, and what I personally learned. The English 111 textbook had effective sample essays and diagrams of outlines. The Successful College Writing Textbook is the textbook used for the English 111 course. This textbook had great sample essays because they showed useful examples of transition words and phrases. These sample essays also gave a guideline for writing a proper essay. The diagrams in theRead MoreAbortion Argumentative Essay : Abortion934 Words   |  4 PagesJensen English April 29, 2014 Abortion Argumentative Essay On average about 41.6 million unborn children are aborted every year. Abortion is killing an unborn baby and it should be illegal. Abortion is wrong because it supports irresponsibility by parents. It gives the unborn children no choice or opportunity at life. In addition, instead of abortion, parents could put up the child for adoption, benefiting people that cannot have children of their own. Abortion supports irresponsibility by

Managing for sustainability - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1443 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Sustainable Development Map for Vodafone New Zealand Vodafone Group Plc is a telecommunication group, and it is ranked among the few most successful companies in the industry. The company has a significant presence in different continents around the world, including Europe, Asia Pacific, Africa, and the Middle East. Vodafone provides a wide range of services including messaging, messaging, and voice calls across fixed and mobile networks. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Managing for sustainability" essay for you Create order The purpose of Vodafone is to ensure that everybody is connected so that they can live better lives today, and also build a better tomorrow. The company believes that by pursuing this goal responsibly and sustainably, they will be able to create long term value for the whole society, and also for their shareholders (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). This paper will develop a sustainable development map for Vodafone New Zealand, and give recommendations which are based on the research. Vodafone New Zealand was started in the year 1998; it was initially started as a mobile telecommunication provider with approximately 138,000 customers. The company has grown its market share over the last 18 years to about 2.3 million mobile connections; this amounts to approximately 45% of mobile market in New Zealand. On 2013, the company purchased Telstra clear, and become the first company to with a single brand that combined two businesses (Guinee, Heijungs, Huppes, Zamagni, Masoni, Buonamici Rydberg, 2010). The purchase of Telstra clear enabled the company to meet the needs of their customers while are constantly changing. The combination of the two businesses positions Vodafone to grow, compete and innovate, especially in the current world of fiber access. The combination also strengthens their national presence, more so Christchurch. In the year 2006, Vodafone purchased hug, which was the third largest internet services providers in New Zealand (Gibson, Miller, Smith, Bell Crothers, 2013). This enabled the company to be full providers 0of telecommunications services; as a result, they were able to provide different services such as broadband and home phone lines, alongside their mobile products. This was part of their total communication strategy, which has seen them drive innovation and mobile/fixed convergence while aiming at meeting full data communication and voice needs of their customers. The company is dedicated to offer quality and safe services to their customers, they are committed to do the right thing. According to the company, doing the right thing revolves around the environment in which they carry on their activities. It is the place where the corporation operates changes, and as they respond to their stakeholders feedbacks on issues that they find material in their operations (Finnveden, Hauschild, Ekvall, Guinà ©e, Heijungs, Hellweg Suh, 2009). The past few years have been important for Vodafones sector as well as for Vodafone New Zealand. The prices of mobile phones have reduced in past few years, they have decreased significantly, and are even lower than the OECD average. The price of broadband is decreasing continuously. Also, more customers who are requiring more data, content, speed and coverage have increased, this is making the company continue investing more in network and infrastructures, accelerated by competition (Beltrà ¡n, 2013). This pressu re has resulted in the past four years, and have led to the shrinking of the overall revenue of the sector. Communication technology has already become a vital part of human lives; it is assisting transform the services that people rely on, the way people live and the way they work. Since the delivery of services is reliant on it, those people in the society without contact to it are highly underprivileged. It creates a digital division between those who have access to it, and those who do not have access, especially to those in rural areas (Dempsey, Bramley, Power Brown, 2011). The rural areas create a challenge because of the geography and the distance from centers which are major; it is challenging to deliver coverage in such places. New Zealand is a small market, and the company can identify the key stakeholders through monitoring media and public relations, and through recommendations. The main stakeholders include the customers, media, non-governmental organizations, industry, government, community, suppliers, regulators, and employees. The company has many channels for engagement for their stakeholders, and they use it to inform them their materials issues. The surveys, the customers, and the employees regularly on their performance, opinions, satisfaction, and concerns (Singh, 2014). They also survey their suppliers so that they can be able to understand their perspective. Vodafones foundation and sustainability team beyond you survey on employee annually. The survey is meant to gather the opinion of employees on how they feel about the companys tracking on sustainability. Vodafone also engages with the government, interest groups, and the media directly. They engage directly with the members of the communit ies where they want to set up their infrastructure. Since 2003, Vodafone has offered recycling programs for mobile phones known as RE: MOBILE. They have led in New Zealand Telecommunication Forum program of recycling mobile since 2010.   This program offers all people of New Zealand an option in disposing their gadgets, they create environment friendly ecosystem by disposing mobile handsets that they are not using, or are not functional. RE: MOBILE is dedicated to selling and collecting mobile gadgets that are still useful, the program is also dedicated to recycling and deconstructing end of life phones components. Accessories and mobile phones that are unwanted are dropped at bins that have been set up by RE: MOBILE in Vodafone stores (Kresak, Corvington Williamson, 2016). The program is aiming to increase the number of the collected phones per year for reuse and recycling to about 300,000. At the same time, decrease the amount of mobile phones that ends up to landfill by approximately 2 percent, reduce the number of mobile phones and accessories that are kept at homes by approximately 10 percent by the year 2020. Vodafone New Zealands electricity emission is measured and calculated by use of greenhouse gas release factors from the energy quarterly of New Zealand. Apart from electrical energy, the company also have sources of emission included in the calculations are diesel and petrol used by their network, retailer shops, air travel, and offices, all this is provided to them by CWT. Vodafone believes that these are their major backers to their carbon footprint (McLaren, McLaren, 2010). The company is looking at how they will reduce their carbon emission footprint. They have continued their programs of improving network efficiency and data center so that they can achieve an average usage of power efficiency factor of about 1.63 across the data centers in the networks of Vodafone Vodafone has also contributed to the society by offering mentoring services. The Vodafone Foundation picks up children and young people and starts to support and nurture them. The foundation also offers academic mentoring programs for those youths who are at risk, as well as young children and dads. Apart from this, Vodafone engages in ICT donations, for instance, in the year 2013, Vodafone NZ made an ICT donation of $40,000 to Manurewa intermediate. The staff completed the makeover, who volunteered more than 200 hours of their time and proficiency. This contribution included connection of Wi-Fi to more than 40 areas around schools, refurbished laptops, desktops, and new iPads. This donation would enable teachers to create an easier and richer learning experience for their students while incorporating real applications of what the students are learning. Also, technology acts as a benefactor for businesses, society, environment, and consumers, however, it comes with its negativity such as cyber bullying and other accidents. Vodafone has addressed some of this problems by introducing services and products that will empower their customers so that they can be able to address these problems. For instance, cyber bullying using communication technology is a serious issue that has is affecting many young people. Vodafone developed Vodafone blacklist as a reaction to this matter; they also ensured they had a method to enable their customers to address this problem directly (Finkbeiner, Schau, Lehmann Traverso, 2010). The company is working with Netsafe to ensure they come up with a new tool that will be used by school children and young people, who are most of the time the victims of bullying, communicate better about cyber bullying in their schools. Recommendations Vodafone New Zealand initiated a review which is more formalized to its stakeholders and their material issues on corporate responsibility (CR), however, incorporation of this act into a formalized stakeholder engagement program is yet to be completed. Vodafone increased its services scope by acquiring Telstra Clear; it also increased the number of its customers and their base. The Vodafone requires to identify and assess the material CR impacts which is associated with this operating environment; this will be a vital task for the company in the years to come.

Essay On Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird - 970 Words

Racism in the United States of America, especially the South, in the 1930s was exceptionally different from the racism that America is experiencing today. In the compelling novel â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird,† by Harper Lee, hating or disliking a person that has a different skin color was an extremely common thing, and was accepted as normal; especially in the southern states. The majority of white children were brought up to think that they were more superior than black children in their households, and on the streets. Many families still didn’t want to associate themselves with black families, even though the story takes place post-Civil War. The Civil War, and many ‘famous’ Confederate soldiers are mentioned throughout the book, and many†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"We had such a good chance,’ he said. â€Å"I told him what I thought, but I couldn’t in truth say that we had more than a good chance. I guess Tom was tired of white men ’s chances and preferred to take his own.† (Lee, 235). Atticus had put his heart into the Robinson case and kept his hopes high for Tom, although chances seemed low, Atticus assured him they would win the case. He was greatly upset when he found out that Tom was shot, and was angered by the people of Maycomb that used Tom’s death as an excuse to insult the African-American community. In addition to Atticus working hard on the case, he also made sure his children are treating others with the best of kindness and respect. Scout and Jem have many encounters with children at school who have parents that are ashamed to know Atticus because of the Tom Robinson case. They have taught their kids that it’s a sin to help a black man, and Scout and Jem feel the effects from that. Despite those troubles, Atticus teaches his children to always hold their head high, and to turn the other cheek. Scout tries very hard to keep Atticus’s words true to her heart, and makes sure that she walks away when other kids try to pick fights with her. She struggles with not letting the things that people say about Atticus make her mad. â€Å"Promise you won’t tell Atticus about this. He- he asked me one time to not let anything I heard about him make me mad, an’ I’d rutherShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird Essay About Racism795 Words   |  4 PagesBurrell Period 5 TKAM Essay 10/6/09 (Re-Write 10/24/09) To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee depicts racism in the 1930’s and shows the characters had to overcome challenges because of it. The 1930’s was a difficult time to live in because of racism against African Americans and the depression, where thousands of people lost their jobs. The idea â€Å"an extraordinary challenge can sometimes make an ordinary person into a hero† shows that anyone in To Kill a Mockingbird could have been a hero,Read MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesconditions, and more. Prejudice gained prominence in this era and the idea of racism was born. Most westerners seem to treat everyone that doesn’t fit their skin color and attributes as a worthy sufferer of hate. Racism would later flow through systems and societies of other countries, plaguing the population of ideas that make no sense and judge a population based on something one cannot control. One of the many playing fields of racism was the Un ited States in the 1900’s, even though slavery was eradicatedRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesimprove due to figures shining a light on the issues. Harper Lee is a highly respected character. She is able to show the effects and ugly side of racism in To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout Lee brings out racism by using connections to the Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and Scottsboro trials. The Jim Crow Laws are evident throughout To Kill a Mockingbird. They were fatal and obstructed many black people’s rights. The laws were originally meant to only separate the races and keep the conditions equalRead MoreEssay On Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird1561 Words   |  7 Pagesdisproportionately make up more than half of the prison population. There is indisputable racism in this country, and the world of Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird displays this in a very obvious light. Racism has been around for centuries, it has changed and reformed itself. Racism cannot not be solved overnight, but it can be solved with positive and immediate steps and actions. Society as a whole is highly capable of overcoming racism. Therefore, the belief that it will never change and that the society willRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay729 Words   |  3 Pagesand thought you had no meaning to live or even get near them. Having everything separate from whites and whe re you were accused of anything or anything if you were near.This was how people in Maycomb County used to live in the 1930’s. In â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† that is how most people lived except the Finch family who thought everyone was created equal no matter the color of their skin. When Cal took Scout and Jem to her church that was on the day Reverend Sykes wanted the church to give money toRead MoreRacism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesyoung narrator of Lee Harper’s To Kill a Mockingbird, poses a fair question on the topic of racism in the southern town of Maycomb, Alabama. The narrative talks of a situation similar to historical events whose impact is still seen in the United States today. Aspects of real-life events involving cases based on race, such as all-white juries, clear evidence that is ignored, and no justice being served, influenced Harper Lee’s fictional novel of To Kill a Mockingbird. In Scottsboro, a small town inRead MoreThe Theme of Racism in To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1050 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book To Kill a Mockingbird, many minor themes are present such as gender and age. However, the largest and therefore major theme of the book is racism. All of the events and themes in the book had only one purpose, to support the theme of racism. One of the most important events in the book was Tom Robinson’s trial, which was unfairly judged due to the fact that the jury could not see beyond the color of Tom’s skin. The put their own racist opinions ahead of what is right and just. One ofRead MoreRacism and Discrimination in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesRacism and Discrimination as the theme in To Kill A Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee is a Pulitzer Prize winning novel, that offers a view of life through a young girl’s eyes. The novel is focused on two main themes which are racism and discrimination. Racism is probably the biggest theme of the novel. It comes in as an open and subtle manner that is being displayed through speeches and actions. Racism in Maycomb takes mainly the form of having white people against blackRead MoreRacism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesRacism was a very large part of society in the south during the 1930’s. Many colored people were thought of as less than their peers. Whites were considered better than African Americans were, and almost every white person accepted the unjust judgment. Racial discrimination hit hard in the south. Many of the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird were impacted by racial discrimination, including Calpurnia, Scout, and Tom Robinson and his family. One of the more â€Å"accepted† sorts of racism in theRead MoreRacism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† is marvelous and unforgettable novel. Not only show how dramatic, sad in and old town – Maycomb be like, but through her unique writings, some big conflicts about politics and critical is going on through this tired old Southern town. Not just in general like education, friendship, neighbors but also pacific in individuals like family and the people’s characteristics themselves. In one book yet can covered with such many problems, Harper Lee must have been experienced a lot

Postmodernism and Feminism Free Essays

Ailene Brukman-Stivi Professor: Haim Deuel Lusky Postmodernism and Feminism The question of what happened to feminism during the postmodern times is not easily encapsulated in one phrase or idea as it is actually an amalgam of often purposely ambiguous and fluid ideas. One would have to start researching about postmodernism and what it means, let alone search about the history of feminism and its development. After one would research a little bit about postmodernism he or she would realize the knowledge about modernism is also extremely crucial to understand fully about postmodernism and feminism. We will write a custom essay sample on Postmodernism and Feminism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore this writing will conclude a few words about modernism. How did we as a culture develop into a postmodernist era? And of course how does this era have to do with feminism? This research paper will include different critiques about the subject of postmodernism and feminism as well. Before starting the writing on reviews, critiques and more in depth research of our subject I would like to give a general description, and background research, I would like to start with the two main terms: Feminism and postmodernism. Feminism Rozen Tali, the writer of the book, What Is Feminism Anyways. Opens her book saying that she never really understood what feminism is exactly. She says people just call her a feminist every time she speaks her opinion about â€Å"differentiating her and a floor rag. † She writes about a sentence that was said in 1913 by a woman, was a British reporter, by the name Rebecca West, saying that if you are waiting for a current and modern definition of feminism, you have nothing to wait for. There is no definition. It is not that a definition does not exist, it exists and that is a for sure thing. It’s just that, there are so many definitions that there is no specific one. (Rozen) Rozen writes that the word ‘feminism’ actually was born about one hundred years ago. In the beginning this word was used as a medical term for a man that has female characteristics. As time passed the word feminism turned in to a term in the psychological world; also got a negative connotation to it, but this time not a male with female characteristics, but as a description of a woman with male character. Examples of a diagnosis for â€Å"feminism† would be like desire to study, courageous, and ambition. Tali Rozen gives a great example of this psychological diagnosis; thirty years ago, people said about the governor of the state of Israel, Golda Meir, that she is â€Å"the only man in the government† and until today the best way to describe a great woman in business is to say â€Å"she got balls. † The reincarnation of the term feminism indicates and highlights the problem of the actual term itself. Not only it was used in negative connotation but also millions in the past and even today have a hard time to define feminism. In the dictionary feminism is written to be the ideology of the emancipation of women. According to this definition, there is something in common to all the definitions and ideas that is, the one important belief that women suffer from injustice because of their sex. Rozen Suggests that instead of getting confused with the actual meaning of the word we can agree on the definition: Feminism is a theory that is based on the point of view of a woman, and that point of view give new light to knowledge that already exist. This knowledge could come from anywhere, film, literature, history, everything. But that does not mean that every woman that analyzes a specific subject, is doing a feministic act. To look and analyze something from a woman’s perspective means to put a woman in the center of the discussion. Bottom line is that, the question of what is feminism is not one answer. Rozen asks and answers: is feminism a woman who stands and fight for their right, yes. And is feminism a movement of freedom? Yes! Is it the history of half humanity? Also yes. And there is much more to what is feminism. Postmodernism Postmodernism represents the converge of three distinct cultural trends. These include an attack on the austerity and functionalism of modern art; the philosophical attack on structuralism, spear-headed in the 1970s by poststructuralist scholars such as Jacque Derrida, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze; and the economic theories of postindustrial society developed by sociologist such as Daniel Bell and Alain Touraine. Callinicos 1989) In the book of Jean-Francois Lyotard, The Postmodern condition, where he summarized postmodernism as above all maintaining â€Å"an incredulity toward metanarratives† (1984:xxiii-iv, 5). Postmodernists, he argues, questions the assumption of the modern age, particularly the belief that rational thought and technological innovation can guarantee progress and enlightenment to humanity. They doubt the ability of thinkers from the West either to u nderstand the world or to prescribe solutions for it. The grand theories of t past, whether liberal or Marxist, have been dismissed as products of an age when Europeans and North Americans mistakenly believed in their own invincibility. The metanarratives of such thought are no longer seen as â€Å"truth,† but simply as privileged discourses that deny and silence competeing dissident voices. (Merchant Parpart) Michel Foucault, one of the leading postmodernist (and poststructuralist) thinkers, has emphasized the inadequacies of metanarratives and the need to examine the specificities of power and its relation to knowledge and language (discourse. He dismisses â€Å"reason† as a fiction and sees â€Å"truth† as simply a partial, localized version of â€Å"reality† transformed into a fixed form in the long process of history. He argues that discourse- a historical, socially and institutionally specific structure of statements, terms, categories, and beliefs- is the site of where meanings are contested and power relations determined (Scott 1988:36. ) The ability to control knowledge and meaning, not only through writing but also through disciplinary and professional institutions, and in social relations, is the key to understanding and exercising power relations in society. According to Foucault, the false power of hegemonic knowledge can be challenged by counter-hegemonic discourses which offer alternative explanation of â€Å"reality† (Foucault 1972; 1979; 1980. ) The search to understand the construction of social meaning has led postmodernists/ poststructuralist scholars to recognize the contingent of the subject. As Judith Butler points out, â€Å"No subject is its own point of departure† (Butler, 1992; 9) Jacque Derrida (1976) emphasizes the crucial role played by binary opposites. Indeed, he argues that Western philosophy largely rests on opposites, such as truth/falsity, unity/diversity, or man/woman, whereby the nature and primacy of the first term is also superior to the second. These pairs are as embedded in the definition of their opposite as they are I the nature of the object being defined, and they shape our understanding in complex and often unrecognized ways. In order to better understand this process, Derrida and others have alled for the critical deconstruction of texts (both written and oral) and greater attention to the way differences, particularly those embedded in binary thinking, are constructed and maintained (Culler 1982) To conclude, postmodernist thinkers reject universal, simplified definitions of social phenomena, which, they argue, essentialize reality and fail to reveal the complexity of life as a lived experience. Drawing on this critique, postmodernists have rejected the search for broad generalizations. They emphasize the need for local, specific and historically informed analysis, carefully grounded in both spatial and cultural contexts. Above all, they call for the recognition and celebration of differences, the importance of encouraging the recovery of previously silenced voices and an acceptance of the partial nature of all knowledge claims and thus the limits of knowing. (Marchand Papart) Postmodernism/feminism Today in the postmodernism era, the women’s identity is not stable, it changes. Postmodern researchers are against this idea, because the â€Å"I† is an autonomic identity that is disconnected from the social conversation. Also feminists and feminist writers, that identify themselves with the postmodernists, are objecting the enlightenment period; because there is an existent subject and because there is a possibility to reach the objective truth through the â€Å"bina† and the straight mind. (Zaken) Zaken claims that feminism is actually leaning on postmodern values, and it exists today to breakdown and defragment in a new way the idea or word â€Å"the woman. Simone de Beauvoir, a French writer, intellectual, existentialist philosopher, political activist, feminist, and social theorist. While she did not consider herself a philosopher, de Beauvoir had a significant influence on both feminist existentialism and feminist theory. She had claimed that a woman is not born a woman, she is made a woman. Female traits are built through social influence and not biological destiny. She sees the social construction of femininity, which in it exists the subject; isn’t she a woman, the woman who thinks of herself as a woman, in a specific situation that her environment creates. A great example is the fact that most girls and boys play with their gender’s toys, girls with Barbies and dolls while boys with trucks and cars. From her article, The Ethics Ambiguity, comes up that women have internalized their gender hierarchy, to the point where it is hard for them to disconnect from their hierarchal position. Simone de Beauvoir came to a conclusion, in which the female subject had suffered from suppression- the woman is ‘different,’ lower, inferior in relation to men, and because of this suppression, the independence of a woman is destroyed in social situations. With that, there is an argument between postmodernism and feminism, which due to a postmodern claim, that power does not control and there is no axioms like private/public, or motherhood. If there is no category â€Å"woman,† then woman can be anything. She is free from the stereotype and the coercing. That being said, there is no general and unified identity for women. Feminists have responded to postmodern ideas in a number of ways. The strongest opposition has come from feminists working in the liberal (modern) or Marxist traditions, both of which are embedded in Enlightenment thinking (modern era). Liberal feminists, who have been preoccupied with policy formulation and the improvement of women’s statues within the structures of western thought and society, generally write as if postmodern critiques have little or no applicability for their own work. The possibility of â€Å"modernization† and â€Å"progress† may be unobtainable and undesirable goals in a postmodern world have rarely been considered by liberals working within these structures. (like World Bank, United Nations, and the International Labor Organization) Mackinnon Catherine’s influence on shaping feminism is extremely deep in the 80s and the first years of the 90s, so deep that the different â€Å"post-feministic† currents, in many ways are â€Å"post-Mackinnon,† and to be exact, â€Å"anti-Mackinnon. † Therefore whoever wants to become familiar with the feministic thinking there is no better place to do so with Mackinnon’s variables. The starting point of Mackinnon’s feminism is that the group of women are discriminated against and oppressed by the group of men, which are first and foremost caused by the way sexuality is built by society. According to Mackinnon, sexuality is the subject that its social patriarchal meaning changes the men to be in control and the women to be controlled. Dr Yaakov Gorbitz, in his book, â€Å"Postmodernism- Culture and Literature in the End of The 20th Century,† writes on the issue of feminism that modernism and postmodernism needs to remind us of two main phases: the first, the woman who tries to stand and tries to fortify herself against the en. -This is the model where women rebel against men and say we are not going to take of hair from our legs, we will not give you the pleasure of wanting a â€Å"feminine† woman. In the postmodern stage the woman understands that the seed of the problem is that she is always looking at herself in relation to men, and contr ary to them, and so she says; â€Å"I am allowed to put makeup on and take care of my beauty- and not for the man but for me or for my friends. † When a woman stops being just an opposite model of a man she can internalize some new heterogeneity. Some feminists believe feminist theory has always dealt with postmodern issues and indeed, has more to offer women than male-centric postmodern writers. Feminist anthropologists, Frances Mascia-Lees, Patricia Sharpe and Colleen Cohen (1989), attack postmodern anthropology for it’s profoundly sexists nature, nothing that studies such as George Marcus and Michael Fischer’s Anthropology as Culture Critique, ignore feminist contributions to the discussion of the â€Å"other† and long-standing feminist critiques of Western notions of â€Å"truth. † Michel Foucault Contrary to liberals and Marxists, Foucault did not see the mechanisms of power in society, as something held by groups or institutions in society, and which does not exist for others; distribution that enables the control of a group of other parts of the society. Foucault referred to †political power†, as network relationships, imaginary strings interwoven within the community, and he saw no, one dominant factor, such as the state or economic elite. This means that in a society there are power centers that are not subject to economic relations (such as madhouses, for example). Foucault goes on to argue with the liberals and the Marxists. According to them every relationship, in which forces, is characterized by imposing restrictions and denial of freedoms. He argued that this approach stems from the fact that they recognize the political power with the legal system and enforcement. But for him, it is only one of the forms of expression of political power, embodied throughout history. Foucault examines the relationship between institutions (social) and the body (human). He opposes the very concept of â€Å"sexuality. According to him, in the 19th century, when sexuality was taboo, it increased desire to break the taboo and talk about sex, that also created behaviors which were categorized as social deviance. For example, sex between men, were â€Å"homosexual. † This was a setting, which has reference for those people, people who were born different. This is one of Foucault’s contributions to understanding the relationship between sexual orie ntation and identity. According to Foucault, identity is created as part of a dialogue, in particular power relations in society. He demonstrates the change in sex ratio from permissiveness of the Middle Ages, where words related to sex revealed associations of â€Å"pleasures† and â€Å"alliance†, and the language of the 19th century, which has the sex talk not allowed or shameful to talk about. Hence, definitions of â€Å"heterosexual† and â€Å"homosexuality† are the product of modern times, from the 19th – century. As someone who has studied the sexual discourse in society, Foucault argued that the discourse on sexuality limits and defines the sexual content and created a social pattern. Once we understand how we talk about sex, we understand sexuality. That is, language reflects the thinking and perception also on sex and sexuality. The mechanisms of power in sexuality, expressed the distinction between what and what is not acceptable in society. Namely, that the discourse on sexuality is a society regime (as expressions of political power mechanisms); language created a situation, when the subject of sex is brought up, the person might feel sinful (sexual). Feeling which helps to suppress the desire for sex, because that person did not want to feel a sinner. The goal behind this repression is, to get the â€Å"different† forms of sex out of the people. That is, except for the non-reproductive sex. The society defines normal sexual norms, from early childhood to old age. Whoever goes beyond the norm, is placed under the situation of the â€Å"controlled mechanism† in order to create helpful sexual drive economically and politically beneficial to society. These mechanisms determine what is allowed and what is not right in society and what is wrong. Foucault argued that since the 18th century, the deviation began to violate the law (courts could, not so long ago, to convict homosexuals or partners who betrayed their spouse). By, new sexual settings, to different sexual behaviors (that were always there but never received cultural significance) changed the face of society. This means social definition creates the identity. The new terms â€Å"gay,† â€Å"lesbian† and â€Å"straight†, are the result of modern discourse, which created categorization and sub-categories of conversation. The term â€Å"homosexuality† has two interpretations, one, sexual preference. Second meaning is social labeling. This labeling is the concept of the rule of the person which identifies himself or herself, as †gay†. That is, each character turns shades of defining sexual identity. Experts (such as pedagogues, psychologists and psychiatrists), can be social power, which determine the legitimate content – normal and identify the pathological contents of a person. Their power, according to Foucault, is due to their proximity to the dominant group in society, the bourgeoisie and the political elite. Extreme conclusion is that gender regime serves the interests of those groups, and that by using the institutions of marriage and heterosexuality. (Zaken) Conclusion Society is the cause of sexual identity and what makes the difference between sexual orientation, and how we identify who we are; A woman or a man. But there is change occurring and there could be more change as soon as we, as a society start â€Å"unlabeling† and just living with all types of sexual orientation, genders, and labels that are not labeled. This is all through a social process, of course. A note, it is extremely crucial to know the difference between sex and gender, because then we are giving legitimacy to popular belief, commemorating the situation in which women are subject to male social order. This follows the historical tradition of the patriarchal family and society. This approach considers the biological differences between the sexes, as the distribution of the different roles. In other words, gender inequality is prevailing social perceptions. Ultimately, the goal is to get into a relationship of equality between men and women in society, there would be no more women who are discriminated against on the basis of sex and / or gender. For, as de Beauvoir said, man and woman, depend on each other for sex and continuity of human society. Thus, each and every one will be able to shape their identity in accordance with their wishes and needs, and not according to social codes dictated and dried. ———————————————— Work Cited * Ankersmith, F. R. (1990) â€Å"Reply to Professor Zagorin,† History and Theory 29, 3: 275-96 * Beauvoir de Simone. The Ethics of Ambiguity. 1949. Translated by Bernard Frechten: Citadel Press, 2006 * Beauvoir d e Simone. The Second Sex. 1949. Translated by Parshley, Penguin 1972. * Butler, J. (1992) â€Å"Contingent Foundations: Feminism and the Question of Postmodernism,† in J. Butler and J. W. Scott (eds) Feminists Theorize the Political, New York and London: Routledge. * Collinicos, A. (1989) Against Postmodernism, Oxford: Polity Press. Culler, J. (1982) On Deconstruction: Theory and criticism after structuralism, Ithaca, NY: Cornell university Press. * Evans, Judith. Feminist Theory Today: An Introduction to Second-Wave Feminism. London: SAGE publication, 1995. * Foucault, M. * † (1972) The Archaeology of knowledge and the Discourse on Language, New York: Tavistock Publications Harper Colophon. * â€Å"(1979) (published in French, 1975) Discipline and Punish, Translated by S. Sheridan, New York: Penguin Books. * † (1980) Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977, translated by C. Gordon, New York: Harvest Press. Jameson, F. (1990) Postmoder nism or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism, Durham, NC: Duke University Press. * Mackinnon A Catherine, â€Å"Sexuality, Pornography and Methods- Pleasure under Patriarchy,† Towards a Feminist Theory of the State, 1990. Translated and Permission of Harvard University Press. Reprinted by Permission of Catherine A Mackinnon, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, Copy Right c 1989 by Catherine Mackinnon. * Marchand H. Marianne and Parpart L. Jane. Feminism/Postmodernism/Development. London: Routledge, 1995. * Mascia-Lees, F. Sharpe, P. and Cohen, C. B (1989) â€Å"The Postmodernist Turn in Anthropology: Cautions from a Feminist Perspective,† Signs 15, 1: 394-408. * Palmer, I (1990) Gender and Population in the Adjustment of African Economics; Planning for Change, Women, Work and Development Series No. 19, Geneva: International Labour Organization. * Rozen, Tali. What is Feminism Anyway? And Why don’t we know anything about it. Tel Aviv: Zmora Bitan, 2000. * Scott, J. W. (1988) â€Å"Deconstructing Equality – versus Differences: Or the Use of Poststructuralist Theory of Feminism,† Feminist Studies14, 1: 33-50. * Sylvester Christine. Feminist Theory and International Relations in a Postmodern Era. Cambridge University Press, 1994. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Some western scholars, most notably Marxist reject postmodernism as dangerous and naive (Callinicos 1989; palmer 1990. ) Others , while sympathetic to Marxism, see Postmodernism as an outgrowth of the culture of late capitalism. Fredrick Jameson, for example, endorses an approach which draws on the strength of postmodernism without abandoning political action (Jameson 1991. ) Some scholars find postmodernism’s emphasis on difference and multiplicity useful for their work and not necessarily inimical to other approaches (Ankersmit 1990; Parkash 1990) How to cite Postmodernism and Feminism, Papers

Discrimination against Human Cloning free essay sample

This paper discusses the problems related to the human cloning process. This paper provides a look at human cloning, and examines the discrimination dimension of the cloning process. The author discusses the pros and cons of cloning, religious opposition, and societal worries. The paper also discusses the problem of overpopulation, financial costs of cloning, and potential discrimination of clones from humans. Genetics is of increasing importance in the world of the 21st century. New developments in this field are finding more and more applications in every day life. Concerns about this science, due to its inherent conflicts with religious doctrine and traditional norms and unfamiliarity to the public have been frequently presented in the media. Recently, the public perception of genetics has appeared around such as human cloning. While many aspects of this subject are poorly understood, it isnt in doubt that there raise many questions of great complexity.

Change Management in Projects and Project Stakeholders

Question: Describe about the Change Management in Projects and Project Stakeholders. Answer: Project Management Change I agree with my fellow student that projects are characterized by three elements of uniqueness, dynamic and temporal. Hence, the aspect of change in them is real and fundamental as discussed by the student. It is due to these features that make projects not to have a particular model of management that keeps on changing from one project to the next. Hence agree with the above statement as it has been clearly brought out by the student. In the modification process of the projects, approaches of transformations are employed to the individuals, teams and even the company as a whole to create a new image of the business (Levin, 2012). As discussed by my fellow student, I agree to the fact that the changes are usually regarded to be the individual focus so as to create a meaningful transformation that is uniform. In initiating the changes in the projects, project management I suggest that models should be employed which have the ability to tackle the issues differently. The analysis made by my fellow student in the table as borrowed the knowledge from Wysocki(2014) is well done.I agree that as discussed in the table, various models are used which help in simplifying and explaining issues in an individual project hence such matters are clearly seen. I agree that the models whether linear or incremental are regarded to be ancient management ones that are based on detailed planning as the discussion showed hence the piece is truthful and well researched in addition to the classwork, I agree that the mentioned models such as extreme PLMC, Adaptive PMLC, Iterative PMLC and Linear PMLC can be initiated to the projects in which everything is known at the initiating stage. I agree that the changes seldom occur(Anca, 2013). Project Stakeholders I agree to the fact that project stakeholders entail people that are involved in the business organization or a company either directly or indirectly by use of representatives. My fellow students are correct by stating that stakeholders can be a person, a team of individuals or even the organization working on a common goal. Also, I agree that they usually have an effect or be affected by the organization since they have a place in regarding the decision-making process.I agree that stakeholders have a say in the outcomes of the launched projects. They are therefore considered to have a profound interest in the initiated projects as clearly brought out by my fellow students(Antonioni, 2009). I add that stakeholders of the projects are the major funders, they are influential regarding planning and launching stage of the projects. It is because they have to ensure the right thing is done to evade losses that otherwise could have occurred as a result of carelessness. They, therefore, work with the experts to ensure that appropriate models of managing the projects are utilized in the projects for the best outcomes to be realized. I agree that crucial elements are considered in the projects. For instance, the urgency of the stakeholders, proximity, and power they have which also determine their influence in the projects(Wysocki, 2014). I agree that projects that are initiated have an end which tells whether they are successful or not. I can add that the key indicators of success projects entail profits being realized, sales being made Accordingly, expansion of the projects manifested as well all the projects being adopted such organizations. I agree that feedbacks and surveys from the stakeholders are done that are usually made at the last stage(Antonioni, 2009). References Anca, V. (2013). Project management-A tool for Implementing change in organizations. Business and Economics Journal, 8(2), 137-144. Antonioni, D. (2009). Crafting the art of stakeholder management. Industrial Management, 51(1), 18-22. Levin, G. (2012). Embrace and exploit change as a program manager: Guidelines for success. New York: project management institute. Wysocki, R. (2014). Effective Project Management: Traditional , Agile extreme. Indianapolis: IN: Wiley.

Sample Symbol Analysis Essay

Sample Symbol Analysis EssaySample Symbol Analysis Essay or SYE is a part of the Standardization, Information Retrieval, and Text Analysis unit of College Board's SAT Subject Tests. This essay must be taken at least two weeks before the test day. The SyE has three parts, each section may have several questions and it must be completed within one month.An English discussion sample that can be used for this test is Kaplan's ABC's English (A) book for young readers. You must work through the chapters in that book to complete this sample. You will find at the end of the book that there are multiple choice questions you will have to answer. It is best to take this question set early, sometime in February or March for the test date in May.The test is more analytical than the English Discussion book and is more like a laboratory test, so you will need to know how to study the material well. The first part is an essay on how you can best represent the topic of the essay. It consists of three parts and you should complete all three parts.The first part is called the J-PLL or topic key and includes a definition of the topic and four or five examples of the topic. The second part is called the PRQ and it contains six examples of the topic, a discussion of your examples and a summary of your examples. This last part is probably the most difficult of the entire sample, as it is very direct.The third part is the EK and it is a single paragraph that can be presented in many ways. The only guidelines are that it should express your points clearly and that it should be one sentence long.The final part of the sample is the SYE. This part includes a comparison of yourself to some of the responses given by other students. It uses vocabulary questions and sentences from the discussion and one long paragraph. The last part also requires that you write a short paragraph to answer the average point that has been asked about your text.Take these three sections at least two weeks before the test. This is the only way to be sure that you have reviewed all of the syllabus material. The topic analysis is one of the most important components of the SAT. Even if you do not take the test for the SyE, it can help you make up your mind about what area you want to take the SAT.

Radon Essays (595 words) - Chemical Elements, Soil Contamination

Radon Radon is an element that is on the periodic table of elements. It is a member of the family called the noble gases, which is group number 18. Radon is a gas. It is a gas at 298 k. it is the heaviest known mononuclear gas at that temperature. Radon is also colorless. When it is cooled below the freezing point, radon exhibits a brilliant phosphorescence, which becomes yellow as the temperature is lowered. At the temperature of liquid air it is sort of an orangish-red. The noble gases can be found on the very right side of the periodic table of elements. Radon has been around for quite some time. Radon comes from the element radium, which is derived from the element uranium. After radium has been 1,620 days old, radon forms 3.8 days afterwards. Radon is most often produced by the decay of radium in the crust of the earth. Radon was first discovered by a man named Fredrich Ernst Dorn. Mr. Dorn discovered this element around 1898. At first radon was not called radon, it was called niton. Niton coming from the Latin word nitens, meaning shining. It was only called radon up until about 1923. Now, lets talk about the properties that radon has. It is element number 86 on the periodic table of elements. This means that is has 86 protons, and also 86 electrons in a neutral state. The atomic mass of radon is 222.0176. now if you take the atomic mass, and round it to the nearest whole number, and subtract the atomic number, then you have the number of neutrons in radon, which is 136. The density of radon at 293 degrees Kelvin is .00973 g/cm cubed. Radon has a boiling point of 211.4 degrees Kelvin. It is a nonmetal, but rather a gas. The melting point, which is different from the boiling point, is 202 degrees Kelvin. To my knowledge, there is no data on the oxidation numbers for the element radon. Also, I was unable to find any information on any major compounds. I guess radon isnt really all that popular. Oh well. Now, some things about radon, I bet you did not know. Radon is quite dangerous. It is mainly hazardous if you inhale it. Not only radon it dangerous, but also its decay products. Which are collected on dust in the air. Radon and its decays form in the air. When radon decays in the earths crust, they rise. This poses as a problem, because over the earths crust, sometimes, is housing, or businesses. Since radon is hazardous man has invented the radon alarm. This alarm can fit on the ceiling anywhere. This alarm detects radon, which without being detected can cause major problems. There are however some uses for radon. Radon is used in hospitals for treating some types of cancers. Another major use for radon is in earthquake detecting. Radon can detect earthquakes, go figure, all though im not too sure as to how this process is carried out, but apparently it works. It also has the occasional therapeutic uses. Some interesting things that I found about radon are the fact that there was absolutely no information on its oxidation numbers, or its major compounds. Another thing is that it can predict earthquakes. Now I found that to be a bit odd. I thought to my self, now how can a gas, predict an earthquake? Oh well, I guess its for the better that I did not know. Bibliography Microsoft Encarta '99 KEYWORD:radon www.webelements.com Science Essays